The last time the price adjustment window passed, but the topic caused by oil prices continues. The data shows that per capita GDP is only 1/7 of the United States in China, and the price of the same gas is probably 16%-30% more expensive than the United States. Even so, petrochemical companies such as PetroChina and Sinopec are still complaining that the price of oil is too low to offset the huge losses in their refining processes. Under the background that crude oil has achieved a globally uniform price, why do the same one litre of gasoline vary widely in prices in different regions? Why did the " two barrels of oil " sell the high price but folded it? As the blood of modern industry, crude oil costs, refining costs, transportation and sales costs, and various taxes and fees are the major components of refined oil prices. Judging from the cost of crude oil, the difference between China and the United States is not significant. Crude oil is basically a global commodity for pricing. Half of China’s crude oil is self-produced. Imported crude oil is mainly made of high-sulfur crude oil, which is cheaper than light crude oil used in refining in other countries. According to the data disclosed by PetroChina and Sinopec's annual report, the sales price of self-produced crude oil for “two barrels of oil†in 2012 was about 4,584 yuan/ton, and the average cost of raw material oil for the refining department of Sinopec in 2012 was calculated based on the cost of crude oil from other sources. It is 5,146 yuan/ton. The international crude oil price (CIF) is basically measured by Brent crude oil price (Europe) and the New York Stock Exchange light oil price index. The average price of Brent crude oil in 2012 was 5,165.46 yuan per ton, and New York Stock Exchange crude oil traded during the same period. The average price is also about 4354.65 yuan/ton. The cost of crude oil is similar to everyone, and the United States is a little cheaper. However, after the refining process, the situation has undergone major changes. According to the annual report data, the average wholesale price of Sinopec gasoline in 2012 was 8,182 yuan/ton, while the retail price of New York gasoline was only 7905.4 yuan/ton in the same period, that is, the wholesale price of gasoline in China was more expensive than the US retail price by nearly 380 yuan/ton. If you add the cost of retailing, Chinese consumers spend 16%-30% more on the final consumer price than the United States. What are the reasons? According to the annual report of China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation, the unit operating cost of oil refining for 2012 was RMB 157.5/ton, which is not much worse than the international advanced level. From the perspective of the profitability of the refining chain, Sinopec's oil refining division incurred a total operating loss of 11.4 billion yuan, while the US oil refining companies maintained normal profit levels. From the perspective of logistics, transportation and other costs, the difference is not great. The secret of contrast lies in the last cost tax. Chinese consumers need to pay VAT, consumption tax (ie, fuel tax), urban construction tax, etc. when purchasing refined oil. In addition, when the international oil price is higher than a certain price, the oil company will also need to pay special income, and this part will be passed on to Consumers. According to rough statistics, the tax cost of the circulation link accounts for 35% of the total refined oil price, and then the income tax and value-added tax of the oil enterprise are counted. The entire tax burden cost may even exceed 50% of the retail price. According to U.S. statistics, among the gasoline prices paid by consumers, crude oil costs, refining costs, and sales costs accounted for 67%, 15%, and 7%, respectively, while taxes accounted for only 11%. Similar to China, the tax burden is also the main driver of high oil prices in many other countries. Taxes and VAT on British gasoline accounted for 60% of the retail price. In Japan and South Korea, the gasoline tax rate was as high as 39% and 48%. In countries where many oils are heavily dependent on imports, it is a last resort for them to limit domestic automobile consumption through high taxes to protect their energy security or environmental protection needs. This name IVECO first appeared in 1975 after a merger of Italian, French and German brands. Our factory supply Iveco Truck Parts for you, the main product is IVECO Cabin Tilt Cylinder, IVECO Cabin Pump ,Shock Absorber,Clutch Booster and Slack Adjuster.
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